[Visual functions of
DVD-Video]
10. Multi-aspect Function for any TV
A single disc is good for both 16:9 wide-aspect
TVs and conventional 4:3 aspect-ratio sets. So users do not need
to worry about whether they have a wide-aspect version or a trimmed
version. For a wide-aspect picture such as that of Vistasize movies,
the Squeeze system is adopted which records wide-aspect pictures
in 4:3 aspect ratio by reducing the ratio horizontally. But picture
quality does not deteriorate when the movie is viewed on a wide-aspect
TV, because the aspect ratio is restored to the original.
On a 4:3 TV, a movie can viewed in a Letterbox
which reduces vertical size or in Pan & Scan which changes some
portions to a 4:3 aspect ratio.
Generally, to make it possible for wide-aspect
broadcasting and movie software to be displayed on a 4:3 screen,
the wide-aspect picture has black bands at the top and bottom.
To display the wide-aspect picture on a wide-aspect TV, the picture
is zoomed so that the black bands at the top and bottom are beyond
the screen.
When a wide-aspect picture has these black bands,
the number of scanning lines in the top and bottom portions beyond
the screen margin is subtracted from the picture. The picture
displayed has only about 360 vertical scanning lines, whereas
a wide-aspect picture without black bands has 525 (in the case
of NTSC), and therefore picture quality deteriorates.
Thanks to adoption of the Squeeze system, wide-aspect
pictures can be viewed with the original number of scanning lines.
The software production side decides what kind
of system is implemented to realize the Multi-aspect function,
and whether to offer Letterbox and/or Pan & Scan